Culturally And Linguistically Diverse Communication Storyboard
Moreland City Council (Victoria Australia)
Australia

The Problem

In a city where almost 50 per cent of residents are born overseas and speak one of 132 different community languages at home, spreading the right message can be a challenge.

That is until a simple application of the universal language of illustrations was created called the CALDCOM Storyboards.

Moreland City Council is a local government in inner urban Melbourne, Australia, one of many multicultural cities in the world. Its 150,000+ residents hail from countries in Europe, the Middle East, Asia and most recently Africa. Moreland is a mosaic of cultures and the Council’s approach is as plain as its slogan; one community, proudly diverse.

There are hurdles to communicating with residents in such a diverse setting and over time the solutions had lost their creativity. Many seemed to think that translations were the one and only answer. Moreland Council offers a translation service to eight of the major language communities which leaves 124 groups in the municipality isolated from information and effectively cut off from society.

As the local authority, Moreland City Council’s mission has always been to break into the tightly knit circles of CALD communities, which is the main source of information for recently arrived migrants and refugees. The problem in doing this is that the people who are in are relied on for information do not access translations as they are not in their language and council pamphlets are often unclear.

Many of the residents most in need of services and information are refugees from civil wars and turmoil. Moreland has always been a zone of transition where many cultures arrived, drew strength and eventually moved on to other areas. However more recently the diversity has become more diverse. Now there are in excess of 130 community languages spoken in the region. Council has struggled, like many other communities, with how to induct new arrivals who speak new languages not previously represented in this country.

The first option available is for the council to provide translations for every topic, issues and initiative available. However this is not financially viable as there are 132 different languages and the people who need information the most are often those unseen.

Solution and Key Benefits

 What is the initiative about? (the solution)
In a bid to improve the level of information Moreland Council created and experimented for six years before it launched the CALDCOM Handbook as part of the 2010 Cultural Diversity Week and World Harmony Day Celebrations and since its launch the concept has grown a life of its own.

The CALDCOM Handbook is a collection of Storyboards that bypass expensive multiple translations and cut through the language barrier using pictures to tell a story. Each story is carefully crafted to convey messages that tell newcomers about services, civic life and basically what life is like in Australia.

These animated “guides to socially-aware living” span themes including how to vote, caring for the elderly, maternal and child health services, responsible pet ownership, problem gambling and surviving an Australian heatwave.

The storyboards feature a community of easily identifiable “local” characters, who have been developed over more than five years and independently road-tested among various Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) groups around Moreland, and beyond.

Over the past 12 months, the storyboards have been recognised in both state and national communication forums as an ever growing number of organisations catch on to their simple, highly effective modus operandi.

The Storyboards do what councils try to do on a daily basis and get information through to all residents which is something the research confirms. To test them Moreland engaged the services of Spectrum Migrant Resource Centre (SMRC) which conducted focus groups with an Assyrian/Chaldean Youth group, a Sudanese men’s group, and a Multi-Cultural mothers’ group (primarily made up of Eritrean, Somalian, Saudi Arabian and Lebanese nationalities).

The focus group testing centred around Storyboards with messages on Maternal Health, Domestic Violence and Wellbeing, Dealing with Influenza, and Responsible Gambling and the results were refreshingly positive.

Each of the focus groups were asked a series of multiple choice questions to confirm their understanding of the content of the story boards, to determine whether they had learnt much from them and whether they would provoke behavioural change. These questions were designed to ensure that the messages were being communicated effectively, and to gauge whether that information would have an effect on behaviour that would improve community wellbeing through changing practices and accessing government and community services.

An average of 87 per cent of respondents concluded that the storyboards were an excellent way of communicating, while 63 per cent of participants said they would do something different after using the storyboard.

Story telling is the basis of every culture. We talk to one another to find out things. It helps us understand how things work. These storyboards are designed to help people read the “meaning” rather than the “words”. After all – a picture is worth a thousand words.

Actors and Stakeholders

 Who proposed the solution, who implemented it and who were the stakeholders?
The CALDCOM Storyboards evolved to their current state following five years of dedication by the Council’s Communications and Research Branch. After the idea was borne out of a need to reach residents outside the mainstream, the Communications and Research Branch took the concept of using pictures to tell a story and began developing a community of characters that people could relate to and see themselves in. This involved working with an illustrator and trialling designs with targeted CALD audiences. The feedback and opinions of the test groups shaped the final set of characters that are now used to spread a range of different messages.

The idea was conceived, driven and promulgated by Peter Fitz, of the Communications and Research Branch and assisted by different business units of the Council all armed with their own set of expertise.

The test groups used comprised of new migrants from different language groups within the city’s CALD communities. In each team, all (12) twelve participants comprised one language group. There was a translator for the group and Project Officer from an independent Migrant Resource Centre. Following many suggestions over five years of trials and testing, the first of Moreland City Council’s CALDCOM Handbooks appeared in May 2009.

The program was endorsed and copyrighted by the Moreland City council and from the first storyboard topic now more than twenty-five (25) topics are published on; pet ownership, gambling, waste and recycling, building permits, aged care services, dealing with influenza and local laws. More topics on safe swimming and smoking are scheduled to be released for public consumption

(a) Strategies

 Describe how and when the initiative was implemented by answering these questions
 a.      What were the strategies used to implement the initiative? In no more than 500 words, provide a summary of the main objectives and strategies of the initiative, how they were established and by whom.
Having identified a serious communications void between Council and the newly arrived migrant community the main strategy was to develop an idea that would help the Council to communicate with the growing number of isolated communities in the municipality who did not speak English and who had no knowledge of the Australian way of life, its laws and customs.

The first issue was to determine how to communicate vital messages into 132 different languages, of which many are dialects spoken in very specific regions of countries.

The second issue which also helped to strengthen the push for a new method of communicating was that many newly arrived migrants and refugees were illiterate of their own language and the costs of translations into so many different tongues with the variances of dialect created an unsustainable problem.

The concept of using a lingua franca comprised only of images and symbols rather than words, seemed feasible, universal and worthy of testing.

Peter Fitz, the Communication and Research Manager, created the concept at Moreland City Council. He created the original concept using stick figures to convey simple ideas and evolved it to create a cast of characters that mirrored the community which they represent.

(b) Implementation

 b.      What were the key development and implementation steps and the chronology? No more than 500 words
Noticing a need to improve communication between Council and residents Peter Fitz embarked on a mission to develop the storyboard on his arrival at Moreland in 2005. The First step was to collect all the material that was published and distributed by the council and select recurring themes that would be used to create the first storyboard prototypes. Using the resources of the Communications and Research Branch Peter Fitz created a number of different prototype storyboard concepts that were used in his proposal to management.

This concept was packaged and offered to the Council’s executive management team as a means to improve communication to CALD residents, which is part of the organisations corporate mandate.

Following presentations and discussions with management, the organisation accepted the idea and the concept was presented to the Council’s elected representatives which allocate funds to turn the concept into reality.

Throughout 2007 the storyboards were refined and using the services of a professional illustrator the first set of characters came to life. Slowly more characters have been added and now there is an entire community that mirrors the Moreland municipality.

By 2009 the Council had created enough storyboards to warrant the creation of the first CALDCOM Handbook which has is currently used by migrant resource centres, libraries, schools and neighbourhood houses.

In 2010 the storyboards were transformed into short film clips that can be viewed online and further work continues to build on this latest development.

Moreland’s work in this area has been recognised by Local, State and Federal governments which have adopted the concept to assist in issues and topics relevant to them.

(c) Overcoming Obstacles

 c.      What were the main obstacles encountered? How were they overcome? No more than 500 words
In producing the CALDCOM Storyboards there were two major obstacles that were needed to be overcome. The first was an internal hurdle that meant getting people on board to assist and offer their expertise to get the messages right. This presented a challenge because complex internal working relationships had the potential to make or break the project and so they needed to be nurtured throughout the entire process. This issue was overcome by giving individuals and business units who assisted with each storyboard, ownership. Sharing successes and showing people how they can be used to improve their service ultimately ensured that the best possible out was being achieved with each storyboard.

Externally the major challenge was ensuring that the storyboards actually worked and that the target audience understood the message being conveyed. In order to overcome this challenge the council invested in community focus groups in order to gauge various different responses from the public. From these focus groups Moreland was pleased to note that many of the people that took part recognised the CALDCOM characters being used in newspaper advertisements, brochures and were proud to be associated with them.
Results from the focus group evaluations only served to push Moreland further as an average of 87 per cent of respondents that took part concluded that the storyboards were an excellent way of communicating.

Council is also experimenting with new mediums such as flash animation in order to more effectively reach the 15-25 year old audience as they have been shown to be influential in translating messages to their parents.

(d) Use of Resources

 d.      What resources were used for the initiative and what were its key benefits? In no more than 500 words, specify what were the financial, technical and human resources’ costs associated with this initiative. Describe how resources were mobilized
Initially the Moreland City Council used the knowledge and time of its Communications and Research Branch to develop the concept and once the project received further funding the idea was extended.

For each storyboard produced the Council pays the illustrator, an editor that develops the accompanying text and then the focus groups that verify their effectiveness. Once the Council had enough storyboards to produce the Handbook, Council paid for the creation, design and production.

In order to reach the community the council distributed them free of charge to the local CALD communities and to other Australian government agencies and not for profit organisations that request copies.

Due to the copyright laws in Australia, no one can replicate the Storyboards without Council approval and acknowledgement. Where an agency requests to have a specific or tailored project presented as a CALDCOM Storyboard they pay for the rights to use the ‘characters’, the concepts and design and production.

Sustainability and Transferability

  Is the initiative sustainable and transferable?
Yes! The project is self-funding with Council allocating annual budget resources to the continuance of the project. The Communications and Research branch also has internal resources to draft and test proposed CALD concepts and a contracted graphic designer licensed to produce images.

The project can’t be replicated with the support of the Moreland City Council who holds copyright on the concept .

The project is transferable as demonstrated by the fact that is now in use with Indigenous communities and ethnic groups, such as Indian foreign students studying in Australia. The concept has also been adopted by agencies in States where there is a high-level of illiteracy among Anglo-Saxon communities which also benefit from the simple and easy to understand messages.

The Storyboards are used by a range of Australian local and state governments and the federal government is planning a special message publication for foreign language groups.

Lessons Learned

 What are the impact of your initiative and the lessons learned?
The major impact of this initiative are that the city’s marginalised communities will have more of a chance to get access to information that will help them in their day –to-day life. Information is powerful and this idea empowers all citizens regardless of language or background to get the same level of service offered to all citizens.

In developing the CALDCOM Storyboards the Council has learned that the best source of information is the public itself. By listening to people’s needs the Council was able to streamline and refine messages that would reach a wider audience with varying languages and levels of understanding.

Finally it is important to note that in working with CALD communities the Council learned that it is vital to address the issue of communication with newly arrived migrants and refugees as in their first six months. By providing the right messages in a form that is easy to understand people can assimilate and comfortable adapt to Australia while sharing their roots with the rest of the community.






The CALDCOM handbook and storyboards can be viewed here:
http://www.moreland.vic.gov.au/community-services/multicultural-services/caldcom.html

Contact Information

Institution Name:   Moreland City Council (Victoria Australia)
Institution Type:   Government Agency  
Contact Person:   PETER Fitz
Title:   Manager Communications  
Telephone/ Fax:   +61 3 9240 2431
Institution's / Project's Website:   +61 3 9240 1212
E-mail:   pfitz@moreland.vic.gov.au  
Address:   90 Bell Street Coburg
Postal Code:   3058
City:   Melbourne
State/Province:   VIC
Country:   Australia

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