| 4. In which ways is the initiative creative and innovative?
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The strategy was implemented by the development of a geoportal which serve all the geospatial data at a single platform with GIS facilities. The desired benefits of post implementation of the application are empowerment, enablement & accountability of Panchayati Raj Institutions to ensure inclusive development with social justice, and efficient developmental work for the panchayats. It will be directly benefitted to the administrators, planners and decision makers to prioritize the panchayats based on the development index. More attention can be given to the backward and least developed panchayats. In allotment of welfare schemes, the prioritized panchayats will given more emphasis to bring them in to main stream of development.
The availability of basic amenities like schools, health centre, communications connectivity etc. to each of the panchayat are available in the application. The information on availability of Natural Resources in panchayat in the form of agricultural land, forest resource, water resources etc. will benefit the Panchayati Raj institutions for sustainable development of the backward panchayats.
Implementation of the application is assisting the administrators, planners and decision makers in uniform development of the area without any discrepancies in lack of information.
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| 5. Who implemented the initiative and what is the size of the population affected by this initiative?
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Different State/Central Govt. departments contributed towards the implementation of the project. The geoportal has been hosted in the State Data Center.
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| 6. How was the strategy implemented and what resources were mobilized?
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e-Panchayat, a customized information system of panchayats of Jharkhand State, was initiated with the objective to provide panchayat-wise information on infrastructure/resources/administrative etc. to the planners, decision makers and common man. In Jharkhand, 32615 villages constitute 4562 number of panchyats. Mostly panchayats are dominated by tribes which are innocent and less-educated civilians.
The available information of Jharkhand in e-Panchayat application was generated/digitized using satellite data, maps available with different Govt. departments and topographic maps. Different resources used were manpower, hardware, software, database, maps and reports. The huge database in GIS format was made available in the geoportal was either generated or procured from the concerned govt. departments. The geodatabase was prepared over a time period of 10 years under different projects.
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| 7. Who were the stakeholders involved in the design of the initiative and in its implementation?
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Different themes made available on webGIS platform are arranged in following categories.
a. Administrative boundaries: District boundary, Block Boundary, Panchayat boundary, and village boundary, Headquarters
b. Infrastructure layers:
School information integrated with District Information System for Education (DISE) data, Govt. Health facilities, Observation wells, Automatic Weather Stations, Roads, Railway.
c. Natural Resources:
Mineral resources: The minerals data available with Mines and Geology Dept., Govt. of Jharkhand was digitized. Apart from this mineral resources exploration study was carried out jointly by JSAC, Mines and Geology Dept. GoJ and ISRO using hyperspectral satellite data.
Forest: Forest cover and density map generated by Forest Survey of India (MOEF), Govt. of India was procured.
Soil Resources: Different soil types were mapped using satellite images supported by extensive field work by JSAC. Land capability and Land Irrigability was mapped using the different parameters of soil and landforms.
Agriculture: The data on the area of agriculture land was generated by JSAC for rabi crop, kharif crop, zaid crop and more than two crop areas using multi-temporal satellite data.
River and Water bodies: Pre monsoon and Post monsoon extent of water bodies was quantified using the respective two season satellite data by JSAC.
Mining Lease: Mining lease information available Mines and Geology Department was digitized.
Wasteland: Satellite images were used to map the different categories of wasteland in the State.
Geology & Geological: The Geology and Geological Structures were interpreted based on Quadrangle Geological maps of GSI and updated with the help of satellite data and limited field checks.
Geomorphology : The data were interpreted based on the interpretation of satellite data and limited field checks.
Slope: Slope data generated using contour information of Survey of India Topographical sheets.
Degraded land : Information on degraded land of Jharkhand were extracted using interpretation of multi-temporal satellite data.
Watershed : Watershed information were taken from Watershed Atlas of India, AIS&LUS, Govt. of India.
d. Derived layers: All the infrastructure, natural resources and physical land forms layers are used to map the ground water prospect, water resources development action plan and land resources development plan.
The areas for the development may be chosen scientifically based on the available layers on the Panchayat Information System.
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| 8. What were the most successful outputs and why was the initiative effective?
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A team of programmers and scientists is there to update the geodatabase and to monitor the activities.
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| 9. What were the main obstacles encountered and how were they overcome?
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It was the challenge to digitize and generate the data required for planning the developmental activities for the entire state at Panchayat level. It was required
(i) to collect the available data digitize, update and geo-reference
(ii) to generate the data which was not available specially on the natural resources and administrative boundaries
(iii) to generate the action plan for the development using the geo-spatial tools
The solution was designed as the Panchayat Information System (PIS) on a web-GIS based platform to facilitate the users for (i) basic GIS functions of display, zoom in and out, pan for all the available geodatabase (ii) print the maps and desired geodatabase (iii) query on the desired thematic layers (iv) creation of buffers based on location and features (iv) search by latitude/longitude (v) distance measurement (vi) extract information about any point, line, area feature (vii) search by panchayat name (viii) multi layer search etc.
Governance practices: The information system is being used for the different Govt. departments for their planning and regular activities. For this documentary proof is not collected so far. Following is the example of the use of webGIS for Education Department. The webGIS schools information is being used by Jharkhand Education Project Council, Govt of Jharkhand for the following two queries.
(i) The schools hard to reach: On the fly geo-processing tool was generated to find out the schools which are not easily accessible
(ii) Served area/Unserved Area: The tool was generated to find out the panchayats not served in the terms of education facilities.
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