| 4. In which ways is the initiative creative and innovative?
|
|
Pangasius fry production on the backyard is a creative study result of BPBIPL TIU. By this technique, villagers as plasma can produce pangasius fry on their own backyard with limited requirement water and terrain. This creativity appertains unique because there are role divisions between core and plasma depend on their own capability.
Before the establishment of plasma core system in Ciasem Sub-district, the poor or vulnerable has no proper employment alternative except as farmworker or factory worker with decant income.
BPBIPL TIU Subang as core provides technical assistant on facility construction, nursing method and marketing while villagers as plasma has responsibility nursing larvae to be 1 inch or 2 inches sized fry. By this collaboration, pangasius fry can be produced in great number rapidly. Plasma Core System in Pangasius Fry Village Subang Regency is relatively new and such kind of innovation does not exist in other places. This innovation model surely will be sustained and can be adopted in another area because marketable and profitable.
|
|
| 5. Who implemented the initiative and what is the size of the population affected by this initiative?
|
|
Plasma core system development through the community development program of local resident to be nurseryman plasma of pangasius was inserted into work program and financed by Revenue and Expenditure of West Java Province Budget, which was fully supported by the Marine and Fisheries Department, and approved by the Governor of West Java Province as the highest authorities on West Java special autonomy.
Local residents around BPBIPL TIU, especially most of Ciasem Sub-district residents got benefit from this initiative, resident that was previously poor and vulnerable increased the prosperity and becoming nursery business as main activity for getting income after being plasma. From every seven to ten fostered plasma formed one farmer group. The farmer group formed, so that, each plasma could support each other, discuss, and find solutions if there were problems in each plasma member. Another Ciasem resident opening businesses supporting pangasius nursery business as fish feed agent, chemicals provider, fishery equipment provider, marketing service, harvest service, construction service, etc. New business opportunity while also able to solve poverty problem for local residents around BPBIPL TIU, where for nursery 1 business can provide employment for 180 people, and for nursery 2 business can provide employment for 200 people, 4.2% by the total poverty family in Ciasem Sub-district. Indirect communities that influenced and benefitted, are the consumers of pangasius fry to grow out farmer and process phase of pangasius consumption sized attain 3,700 people. Pangasius fry production of BPBIPL TIU by plasma core system is distributed to Sumatera, Central Java, East Java, and Kalimantan Province. Pangasius fry distributor also gets the benefit, to distribute pangasius fry to distant location. The last benefitted is the community that consuming pangasius in Indonesia, by increased production of pangasius consumption in Indonesia, then increased the availability of healthy food that affordable by the community.
|
| 6. How was the strategy implemented and what resources were mobilized?
|
|
In 2010, BPBIPL TIU proposed to the Head of Marine and Fisheries Department of West Java for empowerment Ciasem Sub-district residents to be fostered into pangasius fry nursery plasma, and BPBIPL TIU as proposer and executor would be the core that ensured the operation of this program. After receiving positive response, on the internal level, through management meeting, the work program and financial budget were made. Then followed up by the commencement of meeting in the BPBIPL TIU meeting room as the center of program activities. The meeting was conducted by stakeholders from government and non-government to discuss the measures to be conducted for the development of pangasius fry plasma core program in Ciasem Sub-district. The nursery plasma candidates were selected and chosen from the poor and vulnerable in Ciasem Sub-district. Selected plasma candidates were trained for pangasius fry nursery techniques in BPBIPL TIU. The training was periodically organized for 30 participants per year, fund was used: IDR 25,000,000 (USD 2,659) in 2010; IDR 25,000,000 (USD 2,941) in 2011, and IDR 30,000,000 (USD 3,225). In 2012. Then after trained, production demonstration of 1 inch and 2 inches sized pangasius fry was organized sequentially on the construction site belonged to the participants, fund was used: IDR 35,000,000 (USD 2,692 – 4,111) per year. BPBIPL TIU held a partnership meeting between core and plasma once a year for 50 participants, were also met with the bank investor. The meeting was used fund IDR 15,000,000 (USD 1,153 – 1,764) per year. BPBIPL TIU also giving 1-2 weeks’ internship service on pangasius nursery techniques for plasma candidates, were financed by participants self-supporting, and giving pond construction guidance for producing 1 inch and 2 inches sized pangasius fry on the plasma candidate’s backyard. Constructing hatchery/pond facility unit and operational cost production were financed by participants self-supporting, either personal capital or bank service. BPBIPL TIU also provided 10 million pangasius larvae aid per year to plasma, to help the new plasma learned the nursery business, fund was used: IDR 50,000,000 (USD 5,319) in 2010; IDR 75,000,000 (USD 8,823) in 2011; IDR 78,000,000 (USD 8,387) in 2012; IDR 80,000,000 (USD 8,163) in 2013; IDR 80,000,000 (USD 6,956) in 2014; IDR 95,000,000 (USD 7,307) in 2015; and IDR 100,000,000 (USD 7,692) in 2016. Furthermore, BPBIPL TIU helping marketing of production 1 inch and 2 inches sized pangasius fry.
Resource which also mobilized were technical resources including production technology of pangasius fry 1 inch and 2 inches sized pangasius fry, transport technology were provided by BPBIPL TIU Subang and Subang Regency Fisheries Counselor Officer (FCO). The principle of backyard nursery technology was rearing pangasius fry in plastic sheeting pond which was fenced by bamboo or in concrete pond with stagnant water for 3-4 weeks per period. The difference of techniques was the nursery 1 was done indoor and in more closed room, while nursery 2 was done in more opened room, no walls but still sheltered by the roof.
BPBIPL TIU also mobilized competent and experienced human resources, human resources that handled coaching, education, and technical assistant from Bachelor and Magister of Fisheries, and human resources that handled market information and marketing from Bachelor and Magister of Economics. Besides from the BPBIPL TIU, competent and experienced human resources that handled coaching and education were also provided by Education and Training Fisheries Department from Subang Regency and Minister of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, and Subang Regency FCO.
Another mobilized resource was also available on Standard Operational Procedures of Good Aquaculture Practices that ensured plasma to execute nurturing method by manner that won’t harm pangasius fry, consumers, and the environment.
|
|
| 7. Who were the stakeholders involved in the design of the initiative and in its implementation?
|
|
Plasma core system of pangasius fry village development proved itself to be an entirely new concept in empowering the poorest and the most vulnerable to take part in delivering a public service. BPBIPL TIU, the initiator of countryside resident empowerment structurally was under control of the Marine and Fisheries Department of West Java Province. To support BPBIPL TIU program, Marine and Fisheries Department as policymaker, established on The Strategic Plan of Marine and Fishery Department since 2013, was going to make West Java Province as a center of national pangasius fry. To encourage villager participation, four village chiefs in Ciasem and Patokbeusi Sub-district as key drivers of this initiative. Farmer group were the smallest community of plasma core program implementers, that could support each other, discuss, and find solutions if there were problems in each plasma member. Subang Regency FCO supported the program as field adviser and supervisor at plasma. Pangasius fry production bpbipl core plasma is distributed almost 60% of total island in Indonesia country for raised to be fish consumption by grow out farmers in West Java, Central Java, Yogyakarta, East Java, Lampung, South Sumatera, South Kalimantan, Riau, Central Kalimantan, West Kalimantan, and North Sumatera Provinces, that known as consumers of pangasius fry produced by Pangasius Fry Village Subang Regency. The last also stakeholders of this project are Community that consuming pangasius in Indonesia.
|
|
| 8. What were the most successful outputs and why was the initiative effective?
|
|
The most successful outputs that attained from Plasma Core System for Pangasius Fry Village Development as follows:
a. Formation of interlaced cooperation between BPBIPL TIU as core and local resident as plasma in producing pangasius fry.
b. Increasing 1 inch sized pangasius fry production from 1,500,000 fish/year to 41,000,000 fish/year (increased 2,663%) and 2 inches sized pangasius fry from 600,000 fish/year to 27,480,000 fish/year (increased 4,480%).
c. Open better new jobs opportunity for local residents around BPBIPL TIU, where nursery 1 segment could pervade employee up to 180 participants, while nursery 2 segment could pervade employee up to 200 participants, so, the total covered were 380 participants. Moreover, pangasius growing out farmer and fillet processing would pervade totally 3,700 participants.
d. Increasing income of nursery 1 business people that produced 1 inch sized pangasius fry which was previously an average of IDR 856,666 (USD 91.13) per month increased to be an average of IDR 3,099,900 (USD 233.07) per month or increased 155.73% and from nursery 2 business that produced pangasius fry 2 inches sized which was originally an average of IDR 728,666 (USD 77.52) /month increased to IDR 2,885,867 (USD 216.98) per month or increased 179,9%.
e. Increasing income of nursery 1 business people that produced 1 inch sized pangasius fry which was previously an average of IDR 856,666 (USD 91,13) per month increased to be an average of IDR 3,099,900 (USD 233,07) per month or increased 155.75% and from nursery 2 business that produced pangasius fry 2 inches sized which was originally an average of IDR 728,666 (USD 77.52) per month increased to IDR 2,885,867 (USD 216.98) per month or increased 179,9%.
f. Increasing expenditures of pangasius fry nursery 1 business which was originally about IDR 8,699 (USD 0.92) per capita per day (13.25 % above poverty line) to IDR 31,691 (USD 2.38) per capita per day (155% above poverty line) and pangasius fry nursery 2 business people which was originally about IDR 9,357 (USD 0.99) per capita per day (19.27% above poverty line) to IDR 32,396 (USD 2.43) per capita per day (192.77% above poverty line)
The initiative appertained effective because it can be implemented easily and generates very significant output, it is finally increasing production of pangasius fry, offers new jobs opportunity for local residents, and increase monthly income and expenditures per capita of the plasma.
|
|
| 9. What were the main obstacles encountered and how were they overcome?
|
|
The main obstacles that ever faced by Plasma Core System as follows:
a. Lack of either investment or operational capital. The investment capital costed IDR 20,000,000 (USD 1,503) per business unit, while the operational capital costed IDR 3,500,000 (USD 263.15) per period. To overcome this obstacle, BPBIPL TIU linked the plasma to the banking support such as Sharia Bank and Jabar Banten Bank to get soft loan. Moreover, to minimize operational cost, BPBIPL TIU had supported 10 million pangasius larvae grant per year to the plasma.
b. Lack of knowledge and skills, where they previously didn’t have experiences on running pangasius business yet. To overcome this obstacle, BPBIPL TIU intensively bridging them to pangasius business by giving proper training about pangasius fry nursery 1 and 2 techniques, the training was periodically organized for 30 participants per year, and offers apprenticeship on BPBIPL TIU periodically, ussualy 1 until 2 weeks, for 15-25 participant per year.
|