| 4. In which ways is the initiative creative and innovative?
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The uniqueness of the initiative can be described as follows:
1. Participatory approach method is done through an informal approach by direct visits (blusukan) to individuals, as well as to community groups. In addition, the approach also involves religious leaders who helped reassured the public to donate their land, because it will benefit the world and the Hereafter;
2. An approach in the improvement of services which previously only used Top down Planning and now has used Bottom Up Planning based on public complaints about basic infrastructure needs, namely access to new roads and expansion of existing roads;
3. Implemented using community participation in all activities of the initiative, ranging from planning, implementation and evaluation;
4. This activity is the result of a partnership with the community to embrace and fulfill the principles of community empowerment.
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| 5. Who implemented the initiative and what is the size of the population affected by this initiative?
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This program is a positive initiative to meet the basic services of road infrastructure by involving community participation.
Initiators: This activity begins with the Landasan Ulin district head’s wish to help provide residential areas for the community specifically the communities affected by the liberation of airport expansion land.
Executor: Landasan Ulin district Institute for Community Empowerment (LPM), RT / RW Forum and Community Leaders as the main actors of this activity.
Supporters: Landasan Ulin district officials, Syamsudin noor sub district officials, RT / RW and local community leaders
Banjarbaru Government through BAPPEDA (Regional Development Planning Agency) Banjarbaru and the Banjarbaru Department of Public Works and the Provincial Government of South Kalimantan also provide advice on grants for these activities.
Communities that benefit from this iniative are citizens living around the airport area that are affected by the airport land expansion, which can still live near the airport area with better road infrastructure and improved accessibility.
The development of new neighborhood brings a broad impact for the Banjarbaru community in general due to the opening of new road segments, that may be able to improve accessibility and develop new economic zones.
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| 6. How was the strategy implemented and what resources were mobilized?
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Planning phase:
a. Landasan Ulin district head conducted presentation of action plans for road opening and expansion to Bappeda Banjarbaru (Regional Development Planning Agency), Banjarbaru Department of Public Works, Banjarbaru Mayor, South Kalimantan provincial government and Head Office of PT Angkasa Pura I in Jakarta for approval of technical and operational funding support.
b. Forming an implementation team which in this case is coordinated by the Institute for Community Empowerment (LPM), starting from sub-district, district and city level. Involving various stakeholders ranging from community leaders, religious leaders, RT / RW and landowners to plan the opening of new road access and existing road expansion.
c. Involving the community in the planning process by means of collecting public aspirations from citizens living in the location of the initiative.
Implementation Phase:
a. District head together with the Chair of LPM and Religious/ community Leaders undertake intensive socialization and approaches which are done from house to house, places of worships, as well as in other non-formal meetings. Socialization is conducted in order to build the community’s awareness on donating land, from the religious, social, economic and nationalism perspective.
b. Building consensus and also approval of land owners which will serve as the basis for the start of construction activities of new roads and existing road expansion. If there are property (buildings / houses / fences) or trees or plants affected by the road expansion will be given compensation in which the amount/value will be adjusted according to the deal. .
c. Actively involving the community in the process of development implementation. Residents participate in conducting land measurements and installation of boundary markers for the road. Clearing out land is also carried out by the residents along with LPM and district head (gotong royong).
Evaluation Phase:
a. Along with the community evaluating developments based on the plan and time frame previously set, regularly presenting progress reports;
b. Conduct direct visits to the field/ location. Regularly conducting field observation in order to obtain actual information and direct solution so that intensive communication will occur in order to solve obstacles encountered;
c. Making activity reports. In order to achieve transparency and accountability, all activities are reported in an open, accountable and organized manner.
Funding:
Banjarbaru Government strongly appreciate this initiative and has allocated a stimulant grant of Rp. 500.000.000, - (five hundred million rupiah) (± US $ 40,973.53) for the community. The grant provided come from the Banjarbaru revenue and expenditure budget from 2012-2013 Fiscal Year.
The fund is managed to finance activities such as leasing heavy equipments, purchase of landfill, culverts, productive land compensations and field operating costs.
Implementors expertise
Since this program is an attempt mobilize and empower the community to open new road access using their own resources, the skills required to succeed this program is the ability to direct and motivate, responsiveness to understand the situation faced by community, responsiveness to community aspirations, the ability to negotiate and communicate with various parties. Additionally, the ability to read prospects of area development is also required in order to create strategic planning ahead.
In addition, the ability to combine spatial planning and area development is considered necessary. This can be seen during the determination of location and strategic position of the new access road, in order to provide maximum benefit to the community
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| 7. Who were the stakeholders involved in the design of the initiative and in its implementation?
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This program can run well through the support and coordination of various SKPD described in the table below:
No. Party name Role Steps to be Taken
1. City Mayor Policy making • Provide commitment and support
• Policy making in order to provide grant
2. Landasan Ulin district head Initiator • Providing initial idea, planning and development
• Scheduling and conducting socialization
• Collecting sspirations
• Presenting action plans to Mayor and stakeholders
3. Syamsudin Noor sub-district head Mover Coordinating RT / RW and LPM
4. Bappeda (Regional Development Planning Agency) Advisor Providing advice and next steps
5. Department of Public Works Advisor and Supervisor Providing advice and technical steps
The success of the Banjarbaru government in an effort to developing infrastructure large roads will not work properly without the involvement and participation of the public / society.
The following parties involved in this program are as follows:
No. Party Role Steps Taken
1. Institute for Community Empowerment (LPM) implementation team coordinator Mobilize mutual aid from society
2. RT / RW Actively engage in the planning the opening of new access roads Collecting data of land owners and scheduling dissemination to public/society.
3. Religious and Community Leaders Actively involved in making socialization and persuasive approach to land owners. Mediator of socialization.
4. PT. Angkasa Pura II Planning partner As planning partner in providing new access roads
5. Land owner Donating land affected without compensation After being given the socialization and understanding land owners will voluntarily donate some of the land affected by the opening or expansion of new access roads.
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| 8. What were the most successful outputs and why was the initiative effective?
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a. Increased accessibility with the opening of a new road sections with a road width on average 6 -22 m that facilitates community access and improving the local economy;
b. Successfully opening new roads coming from community participation in the form of land donation with a total width of 119.250 m 2 (new roads length is 7.205 m and width 6-22 m; public facility 30.000 m2)
c. Government budget efficiency for land donation assuming the price per meter Rp. 300.000, - (US $ 30.93), then the value of community donation amounts to Rp. 33.775.000.000 (thirty tree billion seven hundred dan seventy five million Rupiahs) (US $ 2.751.093).
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| 9. What were the main obstacles encountered and how were they overcome?
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Before this initiative, development planning uses a Top Down Planning approach, where planning is done by the central government. This initiative opens access to community involvement in city development planning. Organizing a program in which involves the community as a main actor is never easy, there will always be obstacles and issues, but using a persuasive approach and intensive socialization in the end the public become aware of the importance of this program, and the community voluntarily donate the land affected by the road construction plan.
As for the main obstacles were:
a. A few Community’s reluctance to donate their land
b. The low level of confidence/trust from the community toward government officials
c. A few community and religious leaders which still does not agree and support the initiative.
Few examples of community figures that become agents of the initiative:
a. Haji ZUHDI
Haji Zuhdi at the time faced financial problems and needed money for college fees for his children. He owned 3,5 Ha of land which he plans to save for his children’s college fund. After government officials approached him and explained about the road and school development plans, he sincerely donated most of his land even though he had to postpone sending his children to college. Now their lives are very prosporous and haji zuhdi is even able to fund his children’s college fees.
b. Ustadz MUHAMMAD
Ustadz Muhammad is one of the religious figures in Landasan Ulin, initially he was not convinced by this program and strongly opposed it for fear it would harm the community. With intensive approach in the end he agreed. Ustadz Muhammad directly involved and tried to ensure that the program is very important. He helped and volunteered to be a spokesman of the program
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