Questions/Answers

The difficulties in disaster management are increasing following changes in future environment such as climate change, super-advancements of technology, aging infrastructure, changes in social structure, and an increase in groups vulnerable to disasters. In addition, as the scale of disasters increases along with the possibility of new disasters, the anxiety concerning the disasters and protection of residents are elevating. In order to protect lives and properties against disasters, it is necessary to strengthen the competency of residents for responding to disasters. Furthermore, Safety Training is extremely important. In response to such, Chungcheongbuk-do conducts 'Visiting Safety Training by Life Cycle' (hereinafter referred to as 'Safety Training') to promote awareness on safety and to disseminate safety culture among provincial residents. Safety training is provided by instructors specializing in teaching safety to the vulnerable group, including children, the elderly, the disabled, and multicultural families. Safety Training focuses on improving knowledge on safety, techniques for handling accidents and safety competency of residents. This initiative is being implemented to strengthen practical safety-related skills. Practical safey-related skills refers to having knowledge, skills, and abilities to prevent accidents or to ensure their own safety in case of accidents. Knowledge on safety includes general knowledge related to safety, his or her role in safety, and handling accident such as reporting accident, requesting for rescue, evacuation methods, and measures to be taken in case of emergency accidents. Safety-related skills include the ability to seek help from care facilities during a disaster and accident and the ability to reduce damages caused by accidents. Chungcheongbuk-do’s Safety Training contributes to strengthening the safety-related skills of residents.

The Safety Training conforms to the institutional preparation perspective and response in case of crisis perspective in terms of formality and context. First of all, in terms of formality, the curriculum of the Safety Training is organized by reflecting the changing disaster environment and emerging issues. In terms of context, we teach the actions that have to be taken for residents to respond quickly and effectively to crisis caused by natural disasters, climate change, infectious diseases, etc. In addition, the training targets the vulnerable groups as key subjects of the training so it is consistent with the field of application.

Safety Training is related to a "guaranteed healthy life and the promotion of welfare of all generations," "providing comprehensive quality education and lifelong learning opportunities," "creating inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable cities and residential areas" among the SDGs. First of all, ensuring a healthy life is possible only when the safety is secured in individual activities in all areas. Safety Training contributes to preventing or reducing the possibility of accidents in these individuals' daily activities, and if an accident does occur, damages can be minimized by teaching the subjects how to cope with and how to behave in the event of accidents. Next, regarding the provision of high-quality education and lifelong learning opportunities, the Safety Training consists of programs by lifecycle, so training can be offered to subjects of all ages. Finally, the objective of Safety Training is to strengthen the competency of residents in the provincial so that they can enjoy a safe life which is directly related to the implementation of a safe and sustainable city.

The sustainability of the initiative stems from the importance and necessity of the initiative. From the social perspective, safety is an important factor in realizing human dignity and supporting a happy life, and Safety Training can lead to the dissemination of safety culture. From the economic perspective, Safety Training is less expensive than installing facilities and equipment to prepare for disasters. From the perspective of environment, the importance of Safety Training is emphasized because there is a high possibility of extreme disasters occurring due to climate change.

Currently, safety training in our country is mostly focused on elementary, middle and high school students. The Ministry of Education proposed the “Seven Standards for Safety Training” in accordance with the 「Notification on the Criteria for Implementing Safety Training in Schools」. If the details of the standard is examined, the Standard stipulates the hours of training and the frequency of training in seven areas of safety; Daily safety, traffic safety, violence prevention and personal protection, prevention of drug and cyber addiction, disaster safety, occupational safety, and first aid. In addition, safety training is provided by different institutions in case of employees working in a company. As such, although students and office workers are provided with the opportunity to receive safety training, ordinary adults who have graduated school, senior citizens, disabled people, and foreigners do not have the opportunity to receive safety training systematically. Following such, Chungcheongbuk-do provides training opportunities through Visiting Safety Training for groups vulnerable to safety by organizing curriculum by lifecycle, leaving no one left neglected and underprivileged.

In Korea, men are obliged to serve in the military and they receive safety training through reserve army training and civil defense training after being discharged. On the other hand, women have lesser opportunities to receive safety training after graduating from elementary and secondary schools, and housewives who are not office workers do not have the chance to receive safety training. Following such, Chungcheongbuk-do’s Safety Training provides necessary training for housewives, children, teenagers and the elderly.

Safety training is provided to all citizens from infants to the elderly. The main target is the vulnerable group, such as children, teenagers, the elderly, the disabled, and multicultural families and safety training is implemented by life cycle in order to enhance the capability to respond to safety-related accidents. Training performances of the year 2019 are as follows; Training on safety awareness (9,296 people), safety training by life cycle (4,434 people), training on traffic safety (21,887 people), training on prevention of domestic and sexual violence (1,394 people), training on preventing abuse in the elderly (9,158 people) Persons), training on prevention of child abuse (10,000 persons), training on sexual and human rights (22,538 persons), training on cyber and multi-level fraud accidents (11,000 persons). As part of the training on experiencing safety culture, training on experiencing fire safety, such as evacuation in case of smoke, use of descending life lines, use of fire extinguishers, first aid (38,421 people), 119 Children’s Festival on Safety Experience for kindergarten and elementary students (356,451) and training on safety experience in six major safety areas (daily safety, traffic safety, natural disaster safety, social infrastructure safety, crime safety, and health safety, etc.)(42,000 people) were implemented.

A comprehensive plan on safety training for residents is established and implemented between January and February each year by compiling the safety training plans implemented by each division and department. An internal evaluation plan on the performance of safety training is established in accordance with the action plan in January and February and in order to secure fairness and objectivity of the internal evaluation, an Internal Evaluation Committee is constituted and once deliberation is made on the result of internal evaluation and implementation performance based on the evaluation indicators, it is submitted to the Ministry of the Interior and Safety. During May-June, the Ministry of the Interior and Safety inspects the implementation progress of the safety training policies of institutions implementing safety training on citizens pursuant to the Framework Act on the Promotions of Safety Education for Citizens. In order to enhance the competence of the institutions, the government conducts a status check on the national safety training conducted by the central, provincial and local governments and the said results are announced in November. Inspections are scored by internal evaluation (written/on-site) (60%), performance results (30%), on-site interviews with vice-directors (10%), and excellent cases (5%). The inspection field consists of 14 fields and 21 indicators. The four fields are 1. Performance of safety training, 2. Building a foundation for safety training, 3. Level of interest in safety training,; 4. Establishment of a cooperation system for safety training. The results of internal inspection are disclosed to the media and in order to promote and stabilize safety training, excellent institutions and best practices are publicized Performances are managed and consulting is provided to institutes with poor performances.

Safety training has generally been conducted in a collective training manner, but due to the COVID-19, collective training for the vulnerable group has become restricted. Therefore, in the case of daycare centers and kindergartens, training on safety experience has been implemented by utilizing virtual reality (VR) a small number of children and in case of students, untact (non-face-to-face) safety training was implemented by providing online education using YouTube. Furthermore, the initiative also aims to operate untact training programs for non-face-to-face safety training and to disseminate virtual reality-based safety experience programs (AR, VR).

General safety training is supplier-oriented and is led by local governments. On the other hand, Chungcheongbuk-do offers consumer-centric safety training and provides training services customized to the characteristics of the training targets. It also develops and provides educational content based on different stage of life, such as infants, children, youth, seniors, and the elderly. The training utilizes safety training experts and instructors from the Safety Culture Movement Promotion- Chungbuk Council so this safety training initiative is based on a public-private cooperation system.

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By breaking away from the existing face-to-face, collective and cramming training, Chungcheongbuk-do’s Safety Training initiative is improving the curriculum by focusing on experience. In particular, it is developing contents for safety training by using 4th Industrial Revolution technologies such as IoT, AI, and AR/VR. Based on such technologies, the government is maximizing the effectiveness of hands-on learning. By using educational virtual reality (AR) equipment and content, accidents in six major fields (fire, traffic, typhoon, earthquake, environment, CPR.) are experienced virtually, adding realism and immersion, ultimately reinforcing the resident’s competence for preparing and responding to disasters and safety-related accidents.

Climate change, industrialization, super-advancement of technology, aging infrastructure and aging population, have led to an increase in new and complex disasters as well as accelerated progress toward a more dangerous society.  Safety training should be provided to everyone in the world and can be applied to any country or region.

The Safety Training of Chungcheongbuk-do can be considered to be minimum basic training for realizing securement and guarantee of safety rights, a basic right of human beings. Safety Training embodies human dignity and strengthens the personal capacity to protect oneself from disasters and safety accidents that can threaten life, health, or safety. Individuals, regional communities, local governments and states exist to realize universal values pursued by mankind society such as human dignity, and life. Therefore, Safety Training should be promoted regardless of region, race, socioeconomic structure, and the like as an efforts to guarantee safety rights. Following such, Chungcheongbuk-do’s Safety Training by lifestage is highly regarded to be feasible in other regions and countries.

The resources of this initiative are largely comprised of resources for training and instructors. Financial resources for conducting safety training were secured through the budget of Chungcheongbuk-do, while instructors from private educational institutes were utilized as instructors specializing in safety training. Major budget details include instructor fees and travel expenses. For the development of textbooks and operation of programs, production expenses for programs and textbooks as well as operational cost of safety experience centers were some of the expenses required.

With the enactment of the Framework Act on the Promotions of Safety Education for Citizens, the State and local governments are strengthening the responsibilities of the State and local governments concerning the safety of citizens with emphasis placed on the safety of its people. In particular, the emphasis placed on the need to expand protection policies for the groups vulnerable to safety as well as the need for reinforcing safety training for the old aged following the entry into the aging society has created a social atmosphere for the continuous implementation of Safety Training.

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In 2018, the Master Plan for the 1st National Safety Training was established with the objective of enhancing the ability to cope with safety accidents and the result of the implementation was evaluated by the Ministry of the Interior and Safety in the following year and as a result of evaluating National Safety Training conducted by the central government-local government, our province was selected as an Outstanding Institution in 2019

The evaluation index consists of four major areas related to safety training; implementation performance, creation of infrastructure, level of interest, and cooperation system and 14 evaluation items; Implementation system for safety training, activation of safety training, expansion of experience-oriented training, development and dissemination of materials and programs, fostering and utilization of experts, support system for safety training, achieved goals,  appropriateness of the Action Plan, efforts to inspect the implementation of safety training, system for self-evaluation of safety training, the level of interest in the head of institution, budget secured, promotion of policies and cooperative system with related institutions.

Looking at the main evaluation results of Safety Training, despite the importance of safety education for full-time housewives from the perspective of activating safety training, it was difficult to implement safety education due to the low awareness among them on the need for training. Following such, we aim to strengthen the promotion of safety training programs, focusing on facilities and institutions frequently visited by housewives, such as community centers and lifelong learning centers. Also, we aim to implement a safety training certificate system to encourage the participation in Safety Training programs and we intend to implement job placement projects by utilizing the certification system. In order to spread the safety awareness in the local community, we get students and residents in the area to personally take part and personally appear in the production of promotional videos and YouTube videos on safety training as an effort to enhance the interest of residents. In addition, MOUs on safety training are signed with local governments, education offices, universities, public institutions, and private organizations to build a cooperation system. To enhance the motivation of participating institutions and individuals related to safety training, the government offers rewards for excellent local governments and publicizes exemplary cases.

With the enactment of the National Safety Education Promotion Act in 2017, the Ministry of Public Administration and Security established the 1st Master Plan for National Safety Education in 2018 in order to improve the ability of the people to cope with safety accidents. Following such, city and provincial governments have established safety training plans every year since 2018 and is implementing them according to the circumstances of each city and province. In relation to the field of safety, the central government has set forth 64 areas by Ministry and by Jurisdiction pursuant to individual statutes and is implementing them in all cities and provinces. However, in some cases, they only cover areas under the jurisdiction of each department pursuant to individual statutes or some safety training centered on schools overlap repeatedly, creating blind spots in training. In this regard, a system for discussion and coordination by department is necessary to resolve such blind spots in safety training policies.

In order for this initiative to be sustained and developed, local governments have to execute it in accordance with legal and institutional regulations to strengthen the people's safety rights and local governments need administrative and financial support to establish the infrastructure related to safety in order to maximize the effectiveness of safety training. In addition, feedback on the 68 fields of safety is obtained through inspection and evaluation of the implementation progress. Furthermore, promotion is being carried out actively based on public-private partnerships so that citizens recognize the importance have been actively promoted so that residents can recognize the importance of safety and participate in the safety training actively. The institutions that manage and educate the beneficiaries of safety training should create the environment for beneficiaries to receive safety training and should provide opportunities for them to participate in safety training. Therefore, under this initiative, a safe society can be maintained and developed through public-private partnerships and the active participation of the people.

The state and local governments are continuously developing safe disaster management policies and systems for a people-centeric safe society (organizational reinforcement-legal reform-institutional reform-preparation of countermeasures, etc.). However, the lack of consciousness of safety practice, such as insensitivity towards safety, leads to large and small safety-related accidents. This can cause great damage to the individual's life and property as well as to the community. Therefore, a change in awareness of the importance of safety must be made, which can be achieved by continuously and repeatedly conducting Safety Training. To this end, the government should faithfully prepare a system for safety training and conduct Safety Training accordingly. It is also necessary for the public and private sectors to work together to create a culture of safety, and to explore new types of campaigns in line with the changing times. For example, the government could consider using smartphone apps or SNS for selecting safety practice tasks and getting the local residents to certify what they have practiced. Hosting festivals related to safety culture could be one of the means for engage the participation of everyone.